Condenser construction



Nov. 6 1934. F. 5. SMITH CONDENSER CONSTRUCTION Filed May 25, 1931 3 Sheets-Sheet 1 IINVENTOR BY H15 ATTOzNEYS Nov; 6, 1934;. F. S..SMITH 1,979,290

CONDENSER CONSTRUCTION 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed May '25, 1931 :NVENTOR BY ms ATTORNEYS Nov. 6, 1934. F. SSMITH CONDENSER CONSTRUCTION Filed May 25, 1931 3 Sheets-Sheet 5 gi M i M INVENITOR m7 A TTORNE Y IIIIIIIIIIIII;

30 my invention,

Patented Nov. 6, i934 llNlTED'STA'T'E-S PATENT orrice 1,959,290 CONDENSER CONSTRUCTION Franklin S. Smith, Brooklyn, N. Y. Application May 25, 1931 Serial No. 539,810

51 Claims. (01. 175-41) This invention relates to electric condenser Referring now to the drawings, there is shown nstruction and more particularly to a conat a tank or casing preferably of a? cylindrical be simple, thomughlyipractmal and of depend- 11, is contained the condenser construction. able and eiiicient action in use. Another object The electric condenser m y n ar a c rti h a t tain features of my invention are concerned, of ized byinexpensive manufacture, ease of assema y Suitable n uct on. but preferably is made biy, and rapid manufacture; Another object is t p of interleaved condenser plates of metal foil is of long-continued service in practica Anmedium to achieve certain important practical 20 gbjects n he in partobvious or i part i t d over, one embodying'certain other features of my 25 th tr t t b ft described and member 50, an insulating sheet of solid dielectric the scope of the application of which will be inp ra y n h m f a sheet of uita pa dicated in the following lai 51, and another metal foil plate member 52, In the accompanying drawings in which is shapedsubstantiallyasshownin Figure 5. Where shown one of various possible embodiments of t n or ca n s o r n cross-section, I

i I preferably make the paper insulating sheets 51 3 Figure l is a vertical central sectional view ubst n a y q h four Sides in 1111- cf an assembled condenser, certain parts being dicated at 51 51, 51 and 51 but preferably the shown in elevation; corners are cut oil as is indicated at 51 ,51 511 Figure 2 is a'horizontal sectional view, on an and 51 5 enlarged scale, as seen substantially'on the line Foil plate members 50 and 52 are the same 22 of Figure 1; I

Figure 3 is a view as seen from the bottom of any suitable number of which go to make up a Figure 1, assuming the bottom of the container single unit, members 50 constituting one electrode or casing to be removed, showing particularly the and members 52 constituting the other electrode .9 end plate of the condenser construction;

the insulating structure; 51. Considering the shape of the metal follmem- 45 Figure 5 is a horizontal sectional view, on an bers in detail, foil member 50 has two opposite In enlarged scale, as seen substantially on the line side edges 50 and 50 adapted; when superimf 5 -,-5 of Figure 1; and based upon paper sheet 51, to fall well within the Figure 6 is a schematic sectional view, certain side edges 51 and 51 respectively, of the paper parts being shown exaggerated, through an assheet 51. The other two side edges 50 and 50 i0 sembied condenser unitfland may be assumed to of foibmember 50 are spaced ap rt sufllcien ly be taken along the line 6-6 01' Figure 5 after so that marginal side portions of foil member 50 completion of assembly of the unit of Figure 5. 'materially overlap the side edges 51 and 51 of Similar reference characters refer to similar. the paper sheet 51, but these overhanging 5 parts throughout the several views in the drawmarginal portions are centrally cut away as at 50 with the paper the uni v Jacent units are to have V I have indicated at 300 pounds plates of the units pressed.

i in the .material interposed between the upper endof the its corners, metal foil member 50 is diagonally cut as at E. The peripheral or marginal relations between the foil member 50 and the'paper sheet 51 are clearly shown in Figure 5. b I

Foil member 52 is shaped exactly like foil member' 50 but when alternated with the foil member sheet 51 interposed therebetween, it is turned through so that its four tabs F, G, H and K appear as shown in Figure 5. A suitable number of foil members and paper of Figure 6, are alternated condenser unit and by way of illustration I have shown in Figure 6 three foil members 50 alternated with three foil members 52with insulating paper sheets 51 interposed therebetween, but it is to be understood that any suitable number may be thus employed. After having superimposed and alternated these members, the overhanging tabs A, B, H, K, D, C, G andF (see Figure 5) are then bent together, .as is shown in Figure 6 in section with respect to the overhanging tabs K ofFigure 5, whereby all of foil plates 50 are electrically interconnected by tabs A, B, D and C and all of foil plate members 52 are interconnected by tabs H, K, G and F.

A suitable number of condenser units are then stacked one upon the other, and if desired the units may be connected -in series or may be connected in seriesultiple or in any other suitable way to meet the particular electrical conditions met with in practice, and if desired suitable solid dielectric insulating members may be interposed between adjacent condenser units or between groups of condenserunits, depending upon how are inter-connected and depending voltage differences against which adbe insulated. In Figure 1 I indicated the stack of condenser units as a whole at '12, individual condenser units being indicated at'12 and solid dielectric sheets or plates interposed between certain of the units 12 Such interposed solid dielectric members 12 as need be employed are preferably given a shape whenviewed in plan of the paper insulating sheet 51 upon the of Figure 5.

The stack 12 is interposed between upper and lower clamping metal members 13' and 14,- generally circular in shape and suitably ribbed to give them substantial rigidity, and between these clamping members 13 and 14, the condenser stack construction 12 is tightly compressed, as in a hydraulic press, the order of per square inch,- whereupon the clamping members 13 and 14 are-held and tied together by a suitable number of tie rods or bolts 15 illustratively shown (see Figure 2) as four in number and preferably uniformly distributed about the periphery of the end frame members. These tie rods or bolts 15, in coaction with the rigid construction of the end frame membersv 13 and 14, securely hold the alined condenser units in assembled relation and insure that the foil and the sheet insulation intertherewith are maintained tightly com- The resultant is thus rigid, compact and mechanically-strong. Suitable solid insulating material is interposed between the ends of the stack structure 12 and the respective clamping members 1,3 and 14 and Figur l I have illustrated this solid insulation form of a suitable sheet 16 of solid'dielectric .leaved 13, a similar stack 12 and the clamping member the cross rods 17 or condenser, construction member being interposed between stack 12 and the bottom solid dielectric the lower end of the clamping member 1s.

The clamping members 13 and 14 are preferably -round but are preferably dimensioned, with respect to the inside diameter of the casing 10, so that they may be received within the latter but with substantial clearance between their'peripheral portions and the inside walls of the easing 10, as will be clear from Figures 1 and 3; this clearance is for the purpose, among others, to prevent contact transmission of vibration from stack 12 to casing 10. Also, the condenser stack construction 12, made up of plate or foil members and sheet insulation, preferably in units-or sections 12 is of such configuration and dimensions that ample insulating clearance is obtained between it and the tank 10 and bolts 15.

The closure member 11 is shaped to have a pcripheral side flange 11 dimensioned to be received within the upper open end of the container 10 and the flange 11a is provided with pairs of diametrically opposed holes 11 and 11, and li and 11, the former pair being upon a diameter which is pref= erably at right angles to the diameter along which the latter pair is,-as Moreover, the holes l1 somewhat lower, as viewed in Figure 1, in the flange 11 than are the holes 11 and 11 for a purpose more clearly described hereinafter. The flange 11 of the cover member 11 supports two cross bars 1'7 and 18, preferably round in crosssection, the ends of the bar 1'! being fitted into the holes 11 and 11 and the ends of the cross bar 18 being received into the holes 11 and 11. The vertical displacement of the two pair of holes is such that the cross bars 17 and 18 just clear each other, as is clearly shown in Figure 1. From these cross bars, the condenser construction above described is suspended and supported, Considering now and 11 are positioned I the manner in which the above-described condenser stack is supported from the cross rods 1'7 and 18, it might flrstbe noted that the upper plate or frame member 13 which is preferably in the form of a metal casting has integrally, formed therewith, substantially at its center, a sort of housing, generally indicated at 19, and substantially Jcubical in shape,'having opposed side walls l9 and 19 and 19 and 19 closed by a top wall 19, the portion of the plate 13 proper directly opposite the top wall 19 (as viewed in Figure 1) being cut away to permit accem to the interior of the housing-like portion 19 of the frame member 13.

The opposed side walls 19 and 19 are provided with holes 19 and 19 respectively, while the opposed side walls 19' and 19 are similarly provided with holes 19 and 19". These holes in the opposed side walls of the housing member 19 are materially larger than the cross-section of Prior to the assembly of the upper frame member.13 with respect to theremaining parts of the condenser construction, housing-like portion 19, through the opening in the plate member 13 directly opposite the top wall 19 a cube-like block 20, the latter being of materially smaller dimensions than the cubelike interior of the housing portion 19, and interposedbetweenthe interior walls of the portion 19 and the top and side walls of the block at is a yieldable or cushioning material preferably taking the form of felt padding indicated in Figure l at 21. This felt padding is of relatively tightly compacted felt of substantial thickness. 1

is clearly shown in Figure 2. I

there is inserted into the tween the end frame members 13 and 14 by the Th tto n plate em 14 The block 20,wl1ichispreierably made of metal, engaged on all four sides by these members 24 is provided with two round holes and 20'', the strung onto the tour tie bolts 15. Moreover, as

e 1) and the latter being substantially in of more than one condenser unit 12 are engaged SJ vertical direction to substantially the same extent laid over on its side.

as are the opposed pairs of holes 11', 11-and 11, The'outer faces of the insulating blocks 24 are 11 in the flange 11* of the closure member 11. recessed, as at 24, to receive outwardly and radiand ielt padding 23 being interposed therebe- Figure 4, so that suitable conductors 29 and 30, tween and the under side of the block 20, as for example, (Figure 1) may be supported and viewedin Figure 1. 'i'he end plate-like or frame dependably held in the allned ears. To these Th c n n ni l -1 m Hi i the plate Figure 6, may be electrically connected where 190 construction 12 held in assembled relation beand as desired tie rods or bolts 15, and with the apertured block with a nu ber 0 recesses 14 pre hese recesses na t to th losure m mber 11. Th s two parts 14 are felt pads 27 also adapted to contact with are thereupon so related to each other that the th in i ll of th a i 10, as il b l r holes 11519 20, iQ -and 11 are substantially from Figure 3,

in alinement with each other. wh reupon the The lower face of the end frame member 14 is cross bar 17 is threaded therethrough, the upross-ribbed, as t 14 (Figure 3 suitable holes 13 and 13 (Figure 2) through more discharge coils 28, the latter comprising an which the cross bars 1? may pass with ample iron r with a winding th clearance. The layers of felt padding 21 are, 01 high impedance, Th discharge c M5 course, provided with suitable holes to pass the nently connected across the terminals of the conpassage therethrough of the cross bar 17. denser so that whe- The cross bar 18 is thereupon threaded through ed from its circuit, its charge may be dissipated the substantially alined holes 11 (see Figure 2), through the impedance of the di ndenser is dissibar 18 may pass. c a

The cross bars '17 and 18 fit snugly within the the relatively high potential at which the conholes in the flange 11 of the cover 11 and also denser operates, and is secured to the end frame fit snugly into the holes .20 and 2q ,-respectlvely, member 14 in any suitable manner.

in the block 20, while the various apertures in Referring now to Figure 1, the cover member 11 to provide ample clearance about the cross bars. to carry the lead-in conductors 29 and 30, respec- Thus the cross bars are rigidly supported by the tively, connected to the terminals of the conclosure member 11 and the block 20 is rigidly denser 12 through the wall of the cover 11, the

held in position on these cross bars andsubstan terminals 28 being provided with suitable means tially at the intersection thereof. exterior thereof i'ormakingelectrical connection Strung onto and preferably uniformly disthereto.

tributed along. the lengthof the tie bolts 15 are a The cover member ll is provided with a suitblocks 24 (see Figure 4) of solid dielectric mate able number of rings 31 by means of which the spectively between connecting tabs-'A and i, H ment, the upper peripheral portions of casing 10 and K, D and C, and G and F, and thus the main being thereupon bent inwardly over the curved body portions of the condenser stack are laterally portion of the cover 11 and the two parts welded 15o upon the vibrating of power factor correction. In

I am enabled acoustically isolated prevented from held within the tank.

Furthermore,

together, as is'indicated at 32. The thus hermetically sealed casing 10 -11 is thereupon connected to a suitable evacuating apparatus to pump out moisture and air, particularly such moisture and fair as may be absorbed or occluded by. the

- paper insulation of'the condenser units, and is then fllled with a gaseous dielectric under pressure, preferably taking the form of a substantially chemically neutral my gas, nitrogen, for example, under a pressure on the order of fifteen atmospheres.

The condenser circuit and may, a relatively high transmission line,

is then ready to be placed in tension alternating current for the purpose, for example,

use, the apparatus is preferably positioned so that its axis extends vertically and hence substantially in the position shown in Figure 1. When connected to a circuit of commercial frequency, condensers have a pronounced tendency to vibrate and hum, the hum sometimes assuming discorhforting proportions. Where a gaseous dielectric-and cooling medium is employed, as I prefer to employ it and by reason of which I achieve numerous advantages, certain of which are described hereinafter, there is little, if any, damping action v parts and the heavy metal casing acts as in the resonator, increasing the effect of the sound production. In accordance with certain features of my invention, however,

fully to achieve the unique and important advantages of the gaseous dielectric under pressure and at the same time eliminate the disadvantages due to this vibration and hum.

The condenser construction will be seen to be from the tank 10-11, the weight of the condenser construction within the tank being transmitted to the latter through the felt padding 21 interposed between the block 20 and the interior walls of the housing portion 19 of the upper frame or clamping member 13, while direct mechanical contact between the side portions ofthe condenser construction and the sides of the tank 10 is prevented by the interposed yielding felt pads 26 and 27. Thus vibration is being transmitted from the condenser stack assembly 12 to the casing 10- -11 though the assembly is dependably supported and Thus the tank or casing itself precluded from being directly set into vibration to 'produce sound. .On the other hand, any possible sound or hum that may be produced due to any possible vibration of the condenser stack assembly 12 or parts thereof not only is prevented from being transmitted to the enclos ing tank but also is substantially m'uffled within the hermetically sealed casing itself.

should the assembled and completedconstruction be positioned on its side, the felt padding interposed between the block 20 and the walls of its seat 19 is still effective to function in the manner above described while -the felt paddings 26 and'2'7, interp sed betweenfthe condenser construction and theinterior side walls of the tank 10,-effectively continue tofunction as above described. Should the completed ap-.

paratus be turned upside down, that mverted from the position shown in Figure described isolating action against sound and yibration still takes place, it bing noted that in that case the felt padding 23, interposed between the lower face of the face of the cover plate 22 of the upper frame member 13 provules the yielding and isolating for example, be connected to 1, the aboveblock 20 and the upper link through which the effective weight or load of the construction is transmitted to the casing itself. In fact. the construction will be seen to be such that the apparatus may be positioned at any angle without detracting from the isolating action above described.

Another advantage that I achieve by reason of the yielding action of the support for the condenser eonstruction is that the various freely expand changes, any difierences in or contraction being effectively taken up by the yielding material forming part of the supporting structure; also, any tortionof the tank, due to the high pressure of gaseous dielectric therein, is prevented from affecting thestructural interrelation of the parts inasmuch as the yielding material automatically compensates for any possible change in confi uration or dimensions of the tank due to the high pressure therein.

Furthermore, it will be noted that the entire by the sealed casing itself.

and down by contracbeing interfered with Considering now the coaction 5: the gaseous.

dielectric under a pressure on the order of fifteen atmospheres with certain other features of my construction, noted that the gaseous dielectric under pressure, has a very high dielectric strength, much in excess of that of air or gases at atmospheric pressure. It vastly improves the insulation between opposed foil plate members, due to its sorption by the dielectric sheet material, such as paper sheets 51, that is interposed between adjacent foil plates; and by the relatively high pressure gas which occupies the spaces that exist between the fibres of this sheet down and cause a puncture. However, such possible air possible stretching or dis-' parts may (Figure 1); the condenser eonstrucspaces, in accordance with certain features of my invention, are filled with the gaseous dielectric tivities, the permittivity of the gas under presbut the gaseous dielectric a very high dielectric sure being about unity, under pressure, having strength compared to that of air at atmospheric pressure, can safely assume three or four or more times the stress assumed by the paper, without break-down, and puncture is thus efiectively prevented. v

The gaseous dielectric under pressure thus penetrates and occupies all pores or spaces between atmospheric presthe paper and the order of fifteen atmosperipheral portions of tie bolts 15 or, for a given spacing of thetie rods I would otherwise the case, and thus break-down and puncture is further prevented. I

Due to other coactions would otherwise be possible. stacked condenser construction 12 must be inthan the former.

As above described,

thereupon and hence are covered by the solid dielectric tubes 25 and the solid dielectric supporting members 24. These solid dielectric members may be made of bakelite, whose permittivity is The bakelite may thus be caused to assume only one-fifth or 0 which, as above noted, has a .strength.

I Due to this inter-relation 01' the parts, 1 am enabled towdiminisli the condenser 12 and the g the weight and cost'ot construction and further diminishing the spacing I v i Considering now the coaction of the gaseous dielectric under pressure with the 7 unequal b oi the tabs above-described in the bolts 15 have strung to an outside the spacing between the- The above-described shaping of the supporting members 24 also face to surface leakage, I am enabled thus to avoid possible surface leakage as well.

As hereinbefore pointed out, the solid dielectric also support,

connected in series in any suitable manner by way connection with Figures 5 and 6, so that the apparatus may function on a single-phase circuit. 'I'hus,'conductor a tab C ofthe Thus, the serialcondenser' units may be connected circuit.

From" the discharge coil or 'coils 28 -(see bottom partoi Figure 1) a conductor 61 connects one uppermost condenser unit 12?. ly connected between the gaseous dielectric under pressure and such paper insulation, I achieve that coaction with manyother advantages it, as is preterably the case, I use uncalendered papen. Each bers against. exposure. possible to use a greater a given area of paper members since the substantial envelopment, by solid dielectric material, of the edge portions of the foil members, makes it unnecessary to make such provision for surface leakage as would otherwise be necessary.

' bars carried by said 4 of solid material carried by said having a hollow portion in which It will thus be seen that there has been provided in this invention a condenser construction in which the several objects together with many thoroughly vantages,

practical ad- It will be seen that the construction is oi a thoroughly practical nature, is of high capacity per unit volume, is well adapted to operate at and'wi stand relatively'high potentials, and is "noiseless in operation. It will be seen, moreover, that the apparatus is well adapted to meet the hard conditions of practical use.

' As many possible embodiments may be made of as many changes might above set forth, it

the above invention and be made the embodiment is to be understood that all'matter set forth, or shown in the accompanying drawings, is to be interpreted as illustrative and not in a limiting sense.

I claim: v

1. In condenser construction, in combination, flanged closure member, the flange of which open end of said tank, said flange having a pluralityoi pairs of opposed openings, a plurality of closure member, one bar for each pair of openings and each bar having its ends seated in an opening in said flange, a block bars, a-framelike member extending crosswise of said tank and having a hollow portion in which said block is received but spaced from plurality of inter-leaved condenser plates suspended from said frame-like member, andyielding means interposed between said block and the walls of said hollow portion.

2. In condenser construction, in combination, a tank having a flanged closure member, the flange of which is shaped to. be received into the open end of said tank,='said flange having a pluof opposed openings, a plurality of rality'of pairs bars carried by said closuremember, one each pair of openings and each ends seated in an opening in said of solid material carried by said like member extending crosswise of said tank and said block is received but dimensioned so that said block is spaced from the walls of said hollow portion, a plurality of inter-leaved condenser plates, means extending lengthwise of said tank and adiacent the inside walls thereoi ior suspending said plates in struction including a from said frame-like member, yielding means the space between said block and the walls of said hollow portion, and yielding means interposed between said suspension means and the wall of said tank. v

3. In condenser construction, in combination, a tank having a flanged closure member, the flange of which is shaped to be received into the open end of said tank, said flange having a plu rality of pairs of opposed openings, a plurality of bars carried by said :closure member, one bar for each pair of openings and each flange, a block of solid material carried by said a framelike member extending crosswise of having a hollow portion. in which said block is received but dimensioned so that said block 15 hereinabove noted,

- for each pair of openings and each hereinbefore ceived but dimensioned so that ber, a plurality of yieldable dimensioned so that said block is the walls of said hollow portion, a

a casing having a plates and barhaving its plurality of inter' leaved condenserplates, means extending lengthwise of sad tank and adjacent the inside walls thereof for suspending said plates from said frame-like 'member, yielding means in the space between said block and the walls of said hollow portion, yieldable members carried by said suspension means for contacting with the inside walls of said casing.

i 4. In condenser a tank having a flanged closure member, the flange of which is shaped to be received into the open end of saidtank, said flange having a plurality of pairs of opposed openings,- a plurality of bars carried by said closure I bar having its ends seated inan opening in said flange, a block of solid material carried bysaid bars, a framelike member extending crosswise of said tank. and having a hollow portion in which said block' is resaid block is spaced from the walls of said hollow portion, a plurality of inter-leaved condenser plates, a plurality of rods extending lengthwise and exteriorlyoi said inter-leaved condenser plates for suspending the latter from said frame-like memlengthwise along said rods for walls of said tank, and yielding means in the space between said blockand the interior walls of said hollow portion of said frame-like member.

member, one. bar

and,a plurality of members distributed contacting with the 5. In condenser construction, in combination,

a casing having a closure member adapted. to be assembled with respect thereto; a condenser construction including a' plurality of plates and means for holding the latter in'assembled. relation; means forsuspending said condenser construction from said closure member so that the latter with the former may be assembled with respect to said casing; said suspending means being constructed so that-said condenser construction may swing laterally; and yielding means inter-' posed between said condenser construction and the walls of said casing for opposing swinging of said condenser construction. T

6. In condenser construction, in combination, acasing having a closure member adaptedto be assembled with struction including a plurality of plates and means for. holding the latter in assembled relation; means yieldingly supporting saidcondenser construction from said closure member; and yielding means interposed between said condenser'construction and'the' interior walls of said casing.

7. I"n condenser construction, in combination, closure member adapted to be respect thereto; a condenser conassembled with respect thereto a condenser conplurality of plates and means for holding the tion; andmeans for yieldlngly suspending said condenser construction from said closure mem-' ber.-

operating at casing; a condenser construction plurality of power frequencies and including a said discharge coils acting to dissipate any charge retained by said plates after the condenser is dis latter in assembled rela- 8. In condenser constructiomin combination, a

dischargecoils connected thereacross;

coils to said casing.

10. In condenser construction, in combination, 'ng having a rod extending thereacross at one construction, in combination, plurality of rods extending rods being rigidly secured to said container; 9.,

a plurality of supporting said condenser conplates to said rods. i a

15. In condenser construction, in combination,

ing means interposed between said block and the walls of said seat.

16. In condenser construction, a container having a plurality of thereacross and at an angle .to each other, said rods being rigidly secured to said container; 9. said rods substantially at the intersection thereof, said rods passing through said block; a condenser construction including a plurality of condenser plates and an end member having a seat for-receiving said block; means for preventing the transmission of vibration from said plates to said casing by way 01' said rods; and meansinterposed'between depending por 'tionsof said condenser construction and the walls of said casing for preventing transmission 0! via container having 7 thereacross and at an angle to each other, said 1 for receiving said block; and yield-v bration from said condenser construction to the walls of said casing.

17. In condenser construction, in combination,

a container having a plurality of rods extending walls of said seat.

seat for receiving said block.

. 1 19. In condenser construction, in combination, v a container having a plurality of rods extending posed between seat.

20. In condenser for substantially preventing movement of said 7 depending por on toward the wall of said casmg o v 21, Incondenser a container having a condenser con and within said tank; and means interposed be-' comprising a plurality of spaced-plate electrodes tween said condenser construction and said tank arranged in spaced relation; metallic means for construction preventing the transmission of supporting said condenser; means interposed beaudio frequency vibration from said plates to tweensaid condenser and said metallic means said tank. e

- 23. In condenser construction, in combination, interposed means including a solid dielectric ahermeticallysealed tank construction, to with member shaped to provide a'portion extending stand substantial pressures; a condenser contoward said condenser along the shortest path struction, including a plurality of plates, within therebetween-but of a length less than said path,

19 said tank; a gaseous cooling and insulating meand an efiective condenser-engaging portion hav- 85 dium. under pressure and within said tank; and ing a length greater than said path; and a gasemeans yieldingly suspending said condenser conous dielectric under pressure contacting with the struction within said tank and from an upper surface of said solid dielectric interposed means portion thereof and constructed so as to permit and filling the space'between said first-mentioned l5 circulation of said gaseous medium into contact portion thereof and said condenser. with the walls of said tank. 30. In condenser construction, in combination,

24. In condenser construction, in combination, a' container having a plurality of rods extending a sealed casing; an electric condenser therein there'across and at an angle to each other, said compri in alt rn ed plate electrod a pl rods being rigidly secured to said container; a

20 rality of rods extending along said condenser for condenser construction including a plurality of 95 pp r in said condenser; and means including plates, 2. device having openings therein through solid dielectric material and a gaseous dielectric which said rods pass; and means securing said under pressure arranged serially therewith for condenser t id d i insulating Said condense! from Said S pp 31. In condenser construction, in combination,

rods. ,7 a container having aplurality of rods extending 100 25. In condenser construction, i combi a thereacro'ss and at an angle to each other, said Sealed casing; a electric 6011 e P rods being rigidly secured to said container; aing foil plates alternated with solid .dielectric bl k upported, by aid r ds ubstantiaiiy at ma er el ar an d therewith fi a li fi the intersection thereof; and a condenser con- 38 ity f me al otension m b extending lengthstruction including a plurality of condenser plates 1 wise f s id Stack f holding the letter in and an end member having a seat for receiving 'sembled relation; and means for insulating iata bloc};

- BT81 Portions of Said condenser from Said metal- 32. In condenser construction, in combination, lie means and p i & gaseous dielectric a container having a plurality ofrods extending Pressure and Solid dielectric material thereacross and at'an angle to each other; said 11 rangedin series therewith. rods being rigidly secured to said container; a .26. In condenser construction, incom in m condenser construction including a plurality of a a an electric C d therein mcondenser plates and having-meansrelat'ed to prising a plurality of Spaced Plate O said rods, each rod preventing movement of said upp Sold c ns and means inter axis of another at said rods; and means inter- POSed between, said and a metallic posed between, said container and those portions m n o dy l the former a i el or said condenser construction remote from said a d mt n d means including $50115 rods for opposing movement of said condenser electric member shepedto have a greater efiecconstruction relative t t mm tive length than-the'shortest distance between 3 In condenser construction, 1 in cgmbmgsaid-metalliflmeflns d Said condensertion, a tank having a flanged closure member, 2' In condenser construction,- i combination, the flange or which-is shaped to be received into a Sealed casing; electric condenser therein the open end oisaid tank, said flange having a comprising plurality ep d Plate electrodes plurality of pairs of opposed openings, a plurality arranged in spaced relation; metallic means f r of bars'carried by said closure member, one bar supporting said condenser; means in r for each pair of openings and each bar having its tween said condenser and said metallic means for ends seated in an'openmg in Said flange and steadying, the rm g the PM said condenser construction suspended from said bars, 5' J means mcludmg 350ml dlelecPflc said condenser construction extending into said 139 ber shaped t have a meter efieetlve length tank and said flange being received within the than the shortest distance. between gem metamc said end of said tank to an extent sumcient to means and said condenser; a gaseous ecause the walls oi said tank adjacent said end to under pressure contacting e surface of close over the openings in said flange. I c r said interposed solid dielectric means- "1 34. In condenser construction, in combina- 28. In condenser construction, in combination, tionl'a tank having a flanged closure member. the parsing; an electric condensgr therein r flange-oi which is shaped to be received into the g a plurality of spaced plate electrodes arranged open end of i t nk, said flange having a plu .in'spaced relammi metallic PP 8 rality of pairs of opposed openings, a plurality id n n e and means interposed between of bars carried by said closure member, one bar Said condenser n 5 m means 130! for each pair of openings and each bar having steadying the former againstthe latter, said interits ends seated in an gpenmg in d fl e, a .pOsed means including a solid diel condenser construction suspended by said. bars ber shaped to provide a portion extending a d extending downwardly t aid tank, aid 76' toward said condenser along the shortest path flange being received within the open end of said M5 therebetween but of a length less than said path ta k t an extent umcieni; to cause the walls of and n f tiv condenser-engaging p i n havthe latter to close over said opposed openings, and ing .a length greater than-said path. means sealing the walls of said tank to said clo- 29. In condenser construction, in combination, sure member at points above said openings. 7 .75 a sealed casing; an electric condenser therein 35.1ncondenser construction,incombination,a

for steadying the former against the latter, said ccj ranged in spaced relation; metallic means for. condenser construction in a direction about the 36. In condenser construction, a tank having a flanged closure member, the

are connected said block.

33. In condenser a tank flange or which is shaped to be received into the having a plu- "nars extending condenser construction including plates and suspension members for said plates, and means mechanically supported by said bars thereto.

39. In condenser construction, in combination, a an electric condenser therein comprisside of said stack 9 interposedmeans member shaped to and said-member.-

4-1 In condenser denser from said casing.

42. In condenser construction, in combination,

a condenser construction therein;

means including a, metallic member extending electric member interposed between the adjacent ends of two of said tubes and engaging both the 13d and the inside Wall of said. casing. I

44. In condenser construction, in combinatiorn a metallic casing; a condenser construction operating at commercial power'frequencies and including a plurality of opposed plate members; and yielding means incapable of per se vibrating at audio frequency interposed between 'said con- 25.0 v lli'gcondenser construction, y dfl ta k;

1 com'prisinsroll plates 1 el r c, 45'

' 1, holdsaid stack a casing; an electric condenser in; metal foil plates alternated mediate port portions of said stack out or alinement axis of the latter.

' two pressure plates, one at a cyhndricaltank; an electric f said metallic rods from said and comprising I sure and solid series. therewith .end of said st c engagement with'intermedlate {tending alone but stack and coasting Ler'aaco therein compris with-solid dielectric material arranged therewith to form a stack; two pressure plates, one at each end of said stack; a'plurality of metallic tension members spaced about said'stack and extending between said pressure plates; and solid dielectric means interposed between and infenzagement with interof said stack and said tension members to prevent movement of intermediate with {the of members ment with said rods and intermediate portions of said condenser stack for preventing movement of said portions out or alinement with the, axis of said stack. y,

.50. In condenser construction,

a cylindrical tank; an electric c ndenser therein comprising foil plates alternated with solid di- 1 electric. material and arranged. in a stack whose axis is substantiallyco'incident with the axis oi said tank, said stack being substantially square in plates, one at each cm- In condenser construction. incombination,

a-casing; an electric condenser therein compristending along but spaced from the sides or said in metal foil plates alternated with dielecstack and coacting with said pressure plates to tric material arranged therewith form a stack; hold'said stack in compression; a plurality oi! sglig each'end of said stack; a pluralityof metallic tension: members an about said stack and 'extendinzv be said pressure plates; and solid dielectric means amid said tension members having u rec! in dielectric members strung along with the axis or said stack; and solid dielectric tubular members strung onto said and alternated with said solid dielectric membe for holding the latter spaced lengt t ihefamoith saidrods.

' 51. In condenser construction, in combination, a cylindrical tank; anelectric condenser therein comprising electric materialand arranged in a stack whose axis is substantially coincident with the ans 0! said tank, said stack being substantially square in cross-section; plates, one at each end; of said stack;' a plurality of metallic rods extending along' but spaced from the sides. of said stack and coacting with said pressure platesto hold said stack in' compression; a plurality of solid dielectric members strung along and engaging the sides of said stack to prev'ent intermediate portions of the latter from moving out of alinement with the axis of said stack; solid dielectric tubular members strung/onto said rods and alternated with said solid dielectric members an electric condenser therein forh'olding the latter spaced lengthwise along alternated with solid disaid rods, said parts being so proportioned that material and ar a in aisiiwk Whose there isa space between said substantially coincident with the 01 bular members and the said-tank, saidstack being substantially square a gaseous dielectric under pressure in cross-sectionrtwo-pressure plates, one at each space and being thereby arranged in series with a plurality of metallic rods exsaid solid dielectric tubular members. for coaction t ndin 10118 bu spac iromlhe sides of said therewith in insulating said stack from said rods. stack andpoact with said ressure plates to in compression; and a plurality thereby t 'prevent' sa d'parts a:

moving out of alinement- 48. In con enser' cons ruction: enser therein ioil plates alternated with solid diin cross-section; twopressure plates, and or .said.stack;'a plurality or spaced irom'the sides of said with said pressure plates to in compression; and means for condenser a-saseous dielectric. under presdielectric' material. arransed in hold said stack in combination,

sides of said stackyand said in combination,

interposed between and in engage I sides'oi'said stack to prevent inter- I v mediate portions or the latter from moving out w along foil plates alternated with solid die said rods.

and dielectric tu' 

